Tag: China

  • Study: Time to Age Tobacco Leaves Shortened

    Study: Time to Age Tobacco Leaves Shortened

    Researchers in China explored how microbial aging affects the flavor quality of flue-cured tobacco and reported that under controlled conditions for 12 months, they were able to replicate results that typically take two to three years to occur naturally.

    Bacillus, particularly Bacillus velezensis TB-1, was identified as a key microorganism linked to aroma development during aging.

    Using solid-state fermentation, B. velezensis TB-1 was applied to low-grade tobacco leaves, significantly boosting levels of important volatile compounds like 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, megastigmatrienone, and 2-methyl-hexanoic acid, which are associated with desirable flavors. Sensory evaluation confirmed improved aroma and taste, demonstrating a promising strategy for enhancing tobacco quality through microbial fermentation.

    The initial findings were filed with Frontiers in Microbiology today (June 17), with a formal paper expected to be published soon.

  • Study: Chinese Going Online to Bypass Flavor Ban 

    Study: Chinese Going Online to Bypass Flavor Ban 

    More than 90% of stores selling e-cigarettes in two major Chinese cities provided WeChat accounts or QR codes for quick delivery services, allowing consumers to bypass a nationwide ban on online sales that took effect in May 2022, a new study has found. Research conducted by the Health Communication Institute of Fudan University in Shanghai, compared e-cigarette stores in Shanghai and Chengdu, Sichuan province, before and after the implementation of the regulations.  

    In the first observation period in 2021, about 25% of stores offered a WeChat account and 17% provided a QR code for delivery services. These figures jumped to 90% and 91%, respectively, in the second observation period (December 2023 to March 2024), indicating a significant shift of customers from in-person to online purchases.

    The regulations explicitly prohibit the sale of flavored e-cigarettes other than tobacco flavor and the sale of e-cigarette products to minors. They also ban the use of vending machines for such products and require warning labels on packaging. However, the study revealed that one-third of the surveyed stores continued to sell flavored e-cigarette cartridges, and only 83% had implemented age restrictions on sales.

  • FDA and CBP Seize $34M in Illegal E-Cigarettes in Chicago

    FDA and CBP Seize $34M in Illegal E-Cigarettes in Chicago

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today (May 22) announced the seizure of nearly 2 million units of unauthorized e-cigarette products in Chicago, with an estimated retail value of $33.8 million. The seizures, which occurred in February of this year in collaboration with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), were part of a joint federal operation to examine incoming shipments and prevent illegal e-cigarettes from entering the country.

    During this operation, the team uncovered shipments of various illegal e-cigarette products, almost all of which originated in China and were intended for shipment to various U.S. states. FDA and CBP personnel determined that, in an apparent attempt to evade duties and the review of products for import safety concerns, many of these unauthorized e-cigarette shipments contained vague product descriptions with incorrect values. Upon examining shipments, the team found several brands of unauthorized e-cigarettes, including Snoopy Smoke, Raz, and others.

    “The FDA, working with our federal partners, can and will do more to stop the illegal importation and distribution of e-cigarette products in the United States,” said FDA commissioner Marty Makary. “Seizures of illegal e-cigarettes keep products that haven’t been authorized by the FDA out of the United States and out of the hands of our nation’s youth.”

    In the lead up to this operation, the joint FDA and CBP team identified potentially violative incoming shipments and completed other investigative work. The team was also able to successfully implement several new internal efficiencies and procedures, building off previous operations.

    “We continue to see an increased number of shipments of vaping-related products packaged and mislabeled to avoid detection,” said Bret Koplow, acting director of the FDA’s Center for Tobacco Products. “However, we have been successful at preventing these shipments from entering the U.S. supply chain – despite efforts to conceal the true identity of these unauthorized e-cigarette products.”

    Most shipments violated the FDA’s Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, while some products were also seized for Intellectual Property Rights violations for unauthorized use of protected trademarks. All of the e-cigarette products seized in this operation lacked the mandatory premarket authorization orders from the FDA and therefore cannot be legally marketed or distributed in the United States.

    Standard practice for products forfeited to the government include disposing of the products in accordance with the law. In the case of unauthorized new tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, that generally means they will be destroyed.

    FDA also sent, for the first time, import informational letters to 24 tobacco importers and entry filers responsible for importing these illegal e-cigarettes. The letters advise the recipients that it is a federal crime to make false statements or entries to the U.S. government, and the FDA seeks information on the steps they have taken to ensure compliance with applicable federal tobacco laws and regulations. Specifically, the letters advise the firms to ensure their import entries contain complete and accurate information moving forward. Failure to do so may also be viewed as an intentional attempt to circumvent the FDA’s review of the shipment. Firms are requested to respond to the letters within 30 days with the requested information.

  • Macao Considers Expanded Outdoor Smoking Bans

    Macao Considers Expanded Outdoor Smoking Bans

    The head of Macao China’s Health Bureau, Lo Iek Long, says the government is considering changing the smoking law in Macao to include more outdoor areas where smoking is prohibited, such as the entrances of kindergartens and schools. According to multiple local media reports, the authorities are also looking to establish smoke-free zones in large spaces such as public squares and streets, with smoking only allowed in designated areas.

    The possibility of tightening smoking regulations has been an ongoing discussion this year. In January, the prospect of banning smoking while walking was brought up. Last month, TDM (local television channel) interviewed tourists and locals, who agreed that such behavior was antisocial and expressed concern for health hazards.

    Officials have deferred taking further action however, saying that the issue was complex. While acknowledging that it had also received many complaints and concerns about pedestrians smoking, the Macau United Citizens Association acknowledged that enforcing bans would be difficult.

    The Health Bureau said half of 2024’s smoking violations were committed by tourists, most coming from mainland China.

  • China Tackles North Korean Cigarette Bootleggers 

    China Tackles North Korean Cigarette Bootleggers 

    Chinese authorities have intensified their crackdown on smuggled North Korean cigarettes, one of Pyongyang’s primary illicit exports, causing the distribution network to shrink dramatically, Daily NK has learned. Although secretly distributed in China for years and popular among local consumers for their value, the contraband cigarettes now face serious challenges as distributors and sellers are being arrested or fined.

    “This month alone, three Chinese dealers handling North Korean cigarettes were arrested for smuggling,” a Daily NK source in North Pyongan province said recently. “Distribution has virtually stopped as Chinese authorities target mail and parcel services in Liaoning and Jilin provinces.”

    About 20 cigarette brands from North Korea’s major tobacco factories—including Yalu River Cigarette Company, Pyongyang Unha Tobacco Factory, and Naegohyang Tobacco Factory—were being sold secretly in Chinese markets.

    North Korean cigarettes match Chinese luxury brands in quality but cost less, making them consistently popular among Chinese smokers. Despite prices nearly doubling since pre-COVID times, they remain cheaper than local alternatives, maintaining steady demand. The situation changed abruptly when China’s State Tobacco Monopoly Administration partnered with police to intensify operations against illicit North Korean cigarette imports and distribution. Those caught distributing or selling the contraband now face substantial fines or prison sentences. 

    “Chinese traders now avoid cigarettes as police raid warehouses and seize stores based on tip-offs,” the source explained. “With 200,000 yuan  ($28,000) fines and threats of being treated like drug dealers, traders are either complaining or quitting the business.”

  • Top U.S. Tobacco Producer Bracing for Tariff Impact

    Top U.S. Tobacco Producer Bracing for Tariff Impact

    North Carolina, the United States’ leader in tobacco production, could face economic fallout from the Trump administration’s recent tariff increases, which have set off a spiraling trade war, Katherine Zehnder wrote for The Carolina Journal. North Carolina exported $533 million in tobacco last year, producing 260.1 million pounds annually, accounting for 60% of U.S. tobacco production.

    “I know tobacco growers are busy planting their crops now to honor the 2025 contracts they have in place with China,” Steve Troxler, commissioner of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services said. “In the meantime, we continue to monitor these trade negotiations very closely, waiting to see what the outcome will be because it is a very fluid situation. Going back to the last trade negotiations that were initiated, the president was very good about helping farmers who had adverse effects. In fact, he was the first president in a very long time who included tobacco.”

    North Carolina has 822 tobacco farms, generating a revenue of $557 million and adding $197 million to the state’s GDP, according to Regulatory Smoke: The Economic Impacts of Proposed FDA Tobacco Regulations, a report from the John Locke Foundation. Tobacco manufacturers in the state generate $36 billion in output and contribute $31 billion to the state’s GDP, employing approximately 5,000 workers and paying them $370 million in wages. The tobacco wholesale sector brings in $15.3 billion in revenue, adds $9 billion to the GDP, and supports around 4,500 jobs.

    “Historically, tobacco exports have been a vital part of North Carolina’s agricultural strength, with countries like China, Japan, and the European Union serving as major buyers of our tobacco,” said Kelly Lester, policy analyst for the Center for Food, Power and Life at the John Locke Foundation. “When tariffs were imposed during the last trade war, China dramatically reduced its tobacco imports from the US, dealing a blow to farmers here at home. A repeat of that scenario could once again destabilize the market, lower prices, and put immense financial pressure on growers who are already navigating inflation, labor shortages, and tightening regulations.”

    The imposed tariffs could result in a significant downturn in these numbers. International markets, such as China, could also see a substantial downturn in exports due to increased tariffs, which would have a trickle-down effect on the state’s economy and agriculture sector. Last month, China announced plans to impose a 10% tariff on North Carolina exports, which include fruits and vegetables. In addition, China’s tariff on US goods was recently increased from 34% to 84%. 

    “It was pretty predictable that China was going to have a big impact, and they have, and they’re going to attack tobacco pretty hard because they know that that’s part of the soft underbelly in the agriculture sector,” State Rep. Jimmy Dixon, said. “I do not expect it to be permanent; I think that China will come to the negotiating table sooner rather than later, but the temporary reaction will be very tough and difficult and probably be a little bit depressing to our tobacco farmers. I’m telling people I’m personal friends with to hang on; it’s going to be a bumpy ride, but a short bumpy ride.”

  • House Reps Calling for Crackdown on Illicit Chinese E-Cigs

    House Reps Calling for Crackdown on Illicit Chinese E-Cigs

    Three U.S. representatives are calling on the Trump administration to crack down on the sale of illegal vape products.

    According to CSP Daily News, U.S. Reps. Dusty Johnson (R-South Dakota), Select Committee on China Chairman John Moolenaar (R-Michigan) and Ranking Member Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-Illinois) sent a letter to Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem, Attorney General Pam Bondi and Food and Drug Administration Acting Commissioner Sara Brenner urging the Trump Administration to take action on the influx of unauthorized Chinese-made e-cigarettes and vapes sold in America.

    “The large-scale smuggling of these illicit vaping products —accounting for more than half of all vapes sold in the United States—undermines American public health priorities and contributes to a significant increase in youth vaping,” the letter said. “The Chinese Communist Party is fueling this crisis. The CCP has banned the sale of flavored e-cigarettes within its own borders yet continues to export these same products worldwide. If these products are deemed unsafe for their own citizens, we must question their efforts to smuggle and sell these products in the United States.”

    In June 2024, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and the FDA created a federal multi-agency task force to combat the illegal distribution and sale of e-cigarettes. The congressmen said in the letter that this task force was an “important” step forward, but more must be done.

    “It is time to go even further and utilize all enforcement tools at our disposal,” the letter said. “Seizing these products is also an essential step, which currently occurs far too infrequently.”

  • Chinese E-Cig Maker Wants Case Against Moved to Federal Court

    Chinese E-Cig Maker Wants Case Against Moved to Federal Court

    A Chinese e-cigarette maker has removed to federal court a suit alleging that the battery in one of its products exploded just days before the trial was set to start in Texas state court, according to Mike Curley, writing for Law360. The removal was filed on Feb. 21 with the trial slated to begin Feb. 24.

    Shenzhen IVPS Technology Co. Ltd. filed a notice of removal for the case filed by Michael Herrera, telling the court that it believed Herrera was not intending to present evidence against the Texas-based retail co-defendants named in the suit and therefore there was diversity jurisdiction warranting removal.

    “When a defendant removes the case after a jury has been sworn in, that kind of tells you everything you need to know,” said William R. Ogden of Farrar & Ball LLP, who represents Herrera. “They were scrambling.”

    In the case, initially filed in October 2023, Herrera said he was using an electronic cigarette made by Shenzhen and distributed by TheSY LLC, and included with the purchase a Sony lithium-ion battery bought from PDK Smoke ‘N Vape LLC and imported by Toro Imports. While Herrera was using the device, he said, it exploded and caused severe burns to his eye and face. TheSY has since been dismissed from the suit.

    In its notice of removal, Curley wrote, “Shenzhen said based on Herrera’s trial witness list and other factors, ‘it is abundantly clear that [the] Plaintiff does not intend to put up any evidence against PDK Smoke or Toro Imports at trial scheduled to start next week.’”

    Ogden said he expects the federal court to remand the case to the Harris County District Court.

    Read the full article (requires a subscription).

  • Researchers Developing App to Detect Starch in Tobacco Leaves

    Researchers Developing App to Detect Starch in Tobacco Leaves

    Researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China have developed a low-cost, immediate, general, and high-throughput (LIGHt) total starch determination of plant leaves using smartphone colorimetry. The performance of LIGHt smartphone colorimetry repeatedly provided significant consistency compared with traditional spectrophotometry detection, which can be easily transferred into a portable, low-cost, Android-based handheld device for convenient colorimetric measurements.

    The LIGHt smartphone colorimetry returned an average relative error of 5.74%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) ranging from 2.58 to 4.31%, a detection limit of 1.53 µg/mL, and an average recovery rate of 95.72%. 

    “While there is still slightly lower detection precision compared to traditional spectroscopic instruments like microplate readers, the method has proven its feasibility for rapid detection of starch content in tobacco powder and its potential for on-site testing in the tobacco industry due to its good reproducibility and stability,” researchers wrote. “The method does not require complex laboratory equipment or professional personnel to operate, enabling rapid on-site testing. Furthermore, the LIGHt smartphone colorimetry for starch detection resulted in a BAGI score of 80, reflecting its alignment with green chemistry principles and its high practicality.

    “The results showed that the LIGHt smartphone colorimetry is expected to effectively improve the efficiency of real-time monitoring of tobacco leaf quality. The proposed method greatly reduces detection costs and operational complexity. The LIGHt total starch determination can be extended to the detection of starch content in fruits, vegetables, and other foods.”

    Read the entire report here.

  • Hong Kong Proposes Public Vape Ban

    Hong Kong Proposes Public Vape Ban

    Hong Kong authorities have proposed a citywide ban on the use and possession of e-cigarette cartridges and flavored tobacco products in public places, according to the South China Morning Post. The public ban would be the first of two phases, with the second phase expanding to non-public spaces.

    The proposal comes after a heated public debate where the government touted 10 measures aimed at reducing the city’s 7.8% smoking rate.

    Several business leaders cautioned that bans would discourage visitors and businesspeople from coming to the city.